Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition

Global Inventory of Highly Enriched Uranium 2021

(Data: End of 2019)

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*13 countries : Kazakhstan, Japan, Germany, Canada, Netherlands, Belgium, South, Africa, Italy, Belarus, Iran, Norway, Australia, Syria

The stockpile of fissile materials includes estimated ones with large uncertainties and thus total quantities are expressed in rounded numbers.

The material that can be used in nuclear weapons is highly enriched uranium (HEU) with an enrichment level of 20% or more. It is estimated that in actual fact nearly all is 90% or higher, but there is also uranium with a low enrichment level and precise details have not been made public. Therefore the values for converting to the Hiroshima atomic bomb are a rule of thumb.

Military: HEU used in nuclear warheads or stored for use in weapons; HEU used in reactor fuel for naval nuclear propulsion (including spent fuel)

Non-military: HEU used in fuel for research and testing reactors; HEU declared as surplus for military purposes.

Source: International Panel on Fissile Materials (2021), Podvig and Snyder (2019),  IAEA INFCIRC/549 (2021)

©: RECNA Fissile Material Data Monitoring Team

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【Source】

International Panel on Fissile Materials (IPFM), “Fissile Material Stocks”, April 2021, http://fissilematerials.org/

Pavel Podvig and Ryan Snyder, “Watch Them Go: Simplifying the Elimination of Fissile Materials and Nuclear Weapons”, August 15, 2019. United Nations

Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR).
https://unidir.org/publication/watch-them-go-simplifying-elimination-fissile-materials-and-nuclear-weapons

Hui Zhang, “China’s Fissile Material Production and Stockpile”, International Panel on Fissile Materials, 2017, http://fissilematerials.org/library/rr17.pdf

Hui Zhang, “China starts construction of a second 200 MT/year reprocessing plant”, March 21, 2021, IPFM Blog http://fissilematerials.org/blog/2021/03/china_starts_construction.htm

Jungmin Kang and Julien de Troullioud de Lanversin, “Verification of Pu and HEU in North Korea”, “Global Fissile Materials Report”, (to be published), International Panel on Fissile Materials, May 2021.

Harold A. Feiveson, Alexander Glaser, Zia Mian, & Frank von Hippel: “Unmaking the Bomb,” MIT Press, 2014.

Communication Received from Japan Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.1-23), 4 September 2020. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a1-23.pdf

Communication Received from Germany Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.2-23), 28 August 2020. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a2-23.pdf

Communication Received from Belgium Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.3-19), 18 May 2020. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a3-19.pdf

Communication Received from Switzerland Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.4-24), 20 August 2020, https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a4-24.pdf

Communication Received from France Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.5-24), 28 August 2020. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a5-24.pdf

Communication Received from the United States of America Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.6-22), 11 October 2019. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a6-22.pdf

Communication Received from China Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.7-16). 18 October 2017. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a7-16.pdf

Communication Received from the United Kingdom Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.8-23), 11 January 2021. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a8-23.pdf

Communication Received from the Russian Federation Concerning its Policies Regarding the Management of Plutonium (INFCIRC/549/Add.9-22), 8 January 2021. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1998/infcirc549a9-22.pd

Website “Kakujoho”(Nuclear Information), “Federation of Electric Power Companies rationalizes reprocessing policy by explaining the ‘dream’ of plutonium utilization”, (in Japanese), April 6, 2021. http://kakujoho.net/npp/pu_fepc.html#r1

Website “Kakujoho” (Nuclear Information), “Plutonium Stockpile in Japan” (in Japanese) http://kakujoho.net/ndata/pu_jp.html　

Office of Atomic Energy Policy, Cabinet Office, “The Status Report of Plutonium Management in Japan -2020-“, submitted to a regular meeting of Japan Atomic Energy Commission, August 21, 2021. http://www.aec.go.jp/jicst/NC/iinkai/teirei/siryo2020/siryo24/1_haifu.pdf